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--- x0x:voltagecontrolledoscillator [2007/04/04 06:08]
hl-sdk
+++ x0x:voltagecontrolledoscillator [2016/01/28 18:05] (current)
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ===== The Voltage Controlled Oscillator =====
 {{template>.templates:schema|section=VCO|inputs=DigitalSequencer: Slide On/Off,Note|outputs=VoltageControlledFilter: Audio Out, MidiAndSync: CV Out}}
-The VCO is comprised of 5 sections.  The first of which is the Digital to Analog converter, which takes the digital signals for the note generated by the MicroProcessor and converts them to a voltage.  After that the voltage is sent to a buffer and the Slide Circuit.  Then it is sent to Q26 which is responsible for (blah... marked as "antilog" on the Tb303 block schematic).  Q24 and Q25 act as a special switch, which is based on a SiliconControlledRecifier which generates a Saw Wave.  This waveform is then sent out to Q28 a 2SK30 JFET which is used as an operational amplifier.  The output is sent to the switch, and also sent to Q8, where the saw wave is shaped into a square and back to the switch.   From the switch, the output is sent to the VoltageControlledFilter
+The VCO is comprised of 5 sections.  The first of which is the Digital to Analog converter, which takes the digital signals for the note generated by the MicroProcessor and converts them to a voltage.  After that the voltage is sent to a buffer and the Slide Circuit.  Then it is sent to Q26 which is responsible for (blah... marked as "antilog" on the Tb303 block schematic).  Q25 and Q27 act as a special switch, which is based on a [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon-controlled_rectifier|Silicon Controlled Rectifier]] which, when coupled with an integrator, generates a Saw Wave.  This waveform is then sent out to Q28 a 2SK30 JFET which is used as an operational amplifier.  The output is sent to the switch, and also sent to Q8, where the saw wave is shaped into a square and back to the switch.   From the switch, the output is sent to the VoltageControlledFilter
 ==== Block Diagram ====
-<draw name=vcoblock namespace=x0x>
+{{x0x:media:vcoblock.png|}}
 ==== The D/A converter and Resistor Network ====
-The first part of this section is IC9, a 74ac174 Flip Flop, which takes 6 note inputs from Port C of the MicroProcessor and a clock signal (called Note Latch).  On every clock signal, it samples the binary value from the note inputs, and outputs it to a 200K resisitor network where it is added with the 5.333 Volt supply.  This resistor network by virtue of math I do not understand takes the binary output of (for example) (010111, middle C) and mangles that into 3Volts. This of course, becomes the control Voltage.
+The first part of this section is IC9, a 74ac174 Flip Flop, which takes 6 note inputs from Port C of the microcontroller and a clock signal (called Note Latch).  On every clock signal, it samples the binary value from the note inputs, and outputs it to a 200K resistor network where it is added with the 5.333 Volt supply.  This resistor network by virtue of math I do not understand takes the binary output of (for example) (010111, middle C) and mangles that into 3Volts. This of course, becomes the control Voltage.
 ==== The Slide Circuit And Buffer ====
+I'm surprised no one wrote about this before, as it has a lot to do with slide time, and it's fairly simple to analyze.
+{{x0x:slide.png|Slide Circuit}}
+The noninverting op amp somehow works very well together with the DAC network to provide unity gain and buffering. That is... when the 4066 is turned off!
+When SLIDE is HIGH, Q29 and Q30 are both turned on, and this should pull IC12C and IC12D closed (it is an analog switch chip) so that no signal flows through across the capacitor. This seemed a bit unusual to me because that means that slide would normally be high. So when SLIDE goes LOW, the transistors are turned off, allowing IC12C and IC12D to turn on, and allow the tuning voltage to flow across C35, making it lag if it changes. This creates a pitch sliding effect, instead of an instant change.
 ==== Oscillator Drift Compensation and Tuning ====
 ==== Anti-Log ====
 ==== Switch ====
-Transistors Q24, Q25 and Q27, along with C (... unreadable on the schematic) are responsible for generating the SawWave.  The transistors Q25 and Q27 are set up in a special layout like so:
+Transistors Q24, Q25 and Q27, along with C33 are responsible for generating the SawWave.  The transistors Q25 and Q27 are set up in a special layout like so:
-<draw name=vcoswitch namespace=x0x>
+{{x0x:media:vcoswitch.png|}}
-This arrangement is similar to a Silicon Controlled Regulator.
+This arrangement is similar to a Silicon Controlled Rectifier.
 ===  From: Martin Czech martin.czech@intermetall.de, ===
 WorkOnMe:  This needs to be explained a little better and not be so copyright-infringey
-And now to the scr discharger:
+And now to the SCR discharger:
 As far as I can see the operation is as follows:
 Q24 is a saturated npn (diode), if a little leakage current flows
-thru Q27, Q24 will establish a temp compensated base potential for
+through Q27, Q24 will establish a temp compensated base potential for
-Q25. This potential is about teh emmitter potential of Q24 + 0.6V. This
+Q25. This potential is about the emitter potential of Q24 + 0.6V. This
 is the reference potential for the whole SCR switch. The temperature
 compensation will prevent thermal run away of Q25. If the timing cap
@@ Line 39: / Line 48: @@
 of Q25 gets forward biased Q24 turns on and subsequently Q27, which in
 turn raises the base potential of Q25, this is the SCR snapback. The
-snapback point would depend on the thermal behaviour of Q25 if there was
+snapback point would depend on the thermal behavior of Q25 if there was
 not the temp compensation with Q24. If the SCR has triggered the base
 potential of Q25 rises to 12V (supply) minus the diode voltage of D25,
 ie. about 11.4V (this is possible because of R101, which disables the
-clamping action of Q24). I think the diode D25 is necessary to enshure
+clamping action of Q24). I think the diode D25 is necessary to ensure
-that the SCR will turn off quite fast, because the emmitter potential of
+that the SCR will turn off quite fast, because the emitter potential of
 Q25 has only to rise to 12V - 2x0.6V =10.8V to turn Q25 off. SCRs tend
 to not turn off, they are still on at very little currents, so I think
@@ Line 53: / Line 62: @@
 saturated, it takes a lot of time to clear the base zone from all
 carriers. This also causes the flat portion of the saw wave and the
-time of this flatness should be independend of osc. frequency.
+time of this flatness should be independent of osc. frequency.
 Could some 303 owner check this ?
@@ Line 59: / Line 68: @@
 I said that Q27 and Q25 are saturated when the SCR is on, ie. transistor
 beta will be very low, maybe 2 or 1.5 or so. This means that a large
-ammount of the transistor current flows through the base, especially in
+amount of the transistor current flows through the base, especially in
 the case of Q27 where there is no base resistance nor diode. If Q27 is
-not suited for such an application, it will shure burn out. Most good
+not suited for such an application, it will sure burn out. Most good
 audio transistors with high Ft and high beta have shallow base junctions
 that are very sensitive. So the problem of Q27 burnout could be addressed
@@ Line 67: / Line 76: @@
 specified max base current. The same applies to Q25 and Q24 (remember
 tempco compensation, Q25 and Q24 should be the same type)
 ==== Saw to Square Waveshaper ====
+After the saw wave gets passed through the JFET and heads out to the waveform select switch, it heads into a jungle that I can only assume is a waveshaper. Here's a picture of the circuit:
+{{x0x:waveshaper.png|}}
+{{template>.templates:fabmenu}}

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