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The FT232BM is a chip made by FTDI, a european ASIC manufacturer,
it does all the work of communicating to a computer via USB and
then translating that into 5V RS-232 data. If you want that data
to be 'understandable' to a serial peripheral, you need to levelshift
it using something like the MAX232, which generates the +-12V used
with serial.
This chip is ideal for simple microcontroller projects that need
to talk to a computer, although serial is a slow protocol for data
transfer (not much more than 10K/s). One of the great perks of USB
is that the computer provides 5V power, 100mA for USB 1.1 and 500mA
for USB 2.0, so you can run your project straight off of USB.
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